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Merci à Bibles et Publications Chrétiennes pour la conception du processus d’affichage DYS.

Romains 2.16

Entre verset 15 et verset 16 la construction est brisée, en sorte qu'il est difficile de savoir à quoi l'on doit relier verset 16.

Plusieurs interprètes font des versets versets 14,15 une parenthèse et rattachent verset 16 à verset 13, ou aux dernières paroles de verset 12.

Nous pensons plutôt que la mention du jour où Dieu jugera, accompagnée de l'indication spéciale que ce Jugement portera sur les œuvres secrètes (grec choses cachées) des hommes, est en relation dans la pensée de l'apôtre, avec le tableau de la lutte que se livrent dans le cœur du païen les pensées qui, tour à tour, l'inculpent et le disculpent. (verset 15)

Actuellement, cette lutte n'apparaît pas aux regards. Mais au jour du jugement, quand tous les secrets seront découverts, on verra combien elle a été réelle, et suffisante pour établir la responsabilité des païens.

Nous indiquons ce rapport en introduisant dans la traduction les mots : c'est ce qui apparaîtra, qui ne sont pas dans le texte.

En énonçant les idées qui se pressent dans son esprit, Paul a omis ce membre de phrase, l'ellipse ne nous paraît pas trop forte pour être admissible.

D'autres interprètes établissent la relation entre verset 15 et verset 16 en affirmant qu'il ne s'agit pas, à verset 16, du jugement dernier, mais du Jugement moral exercé dans les cœurs par la prédication de l'Evangile, quand elle trouve de l'écho dans les consciences et y provoque ce débat entre les pensées que décrit verset 15.

Ils invoquent deux raisons en faveur de leur explication :

1° Il n'y a pas dans le texte : "le jour où," mais : "un jour que," ce qui équivaudrait à : "lorsque, toutes les fois que."

2° Le verbe peut être au présent, si on l'accentue différemment (les plus anciens manuscrits ne portent pas d'accents). Le sens serait alors : "Leurs pensées tantôt les accusent, tantôt aussi les défendent, lorsque, selon mon Evangile, Dieu juge, par JésusChrist, les choses cachées des hommes."

Ce qui s'oppose à cette explication, c'est que le terme : "le jour" désigne toujours chez Paul le grand jour du jugement dernier ; l'omission de l'article ne lui ôte pas ce sens technique (1Corinthiens 5.5 ; 4.3-5 ; 1.8 ; 3.13 ; 1Thessaloniciens 5.4 ; 2Thessaloniciens 1.10 ; comparez Actes 17.31).

- Le complément selon mon Evangile (comparez Galates 1.6-12 ; 2.2) se rapporte aux mots qui précèdent immédiatement : les choses cachées des hommes.

L'enseignement de Paul, en abolissant la circoncision et les pratiques rituelles, qui étaient un élément essentiel de la justice légale des Juifs, faisait porter le jugement de Dieu uniquement sur les dispositions du cœur, sur les faits de la vie morale.

Si l'on relie le complément selon mon Evangile soit à : Dieu jugera, soit à : par Jésus-Christ, il faut donner à l'expression mon Evangile un sens plus général : l'Evangile que je prêche en qualité d'apôtre, et qui est aussi celui des autres apôtres. Car l'idée que Dieu jugera le monde par Jésus-Christ était une croyance commune aux chrétiens d'origine juive et aux disciples de Paul.

Mais le sens spécial que Paul donne ailleurs à l'expression : mon Evangile, peut amener à penser qu'il oppose au légalisme formaliste des Juifs, qui se glorifiaient de leur loi et de leurs pratiques extérieures, (verset 17 et suivants) cette affirmation, qui est bien un trait essentiel de sa conception du salut : Dieu regarde au cœur. Il jugera les œuvres secrètes des hommes.

Cette application nous paraît recommandée par l'ordre des mots, dans le texte grec, et par le rapport que nous avons cru pouvoir constater entre verset 16 et verset 15.


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    • Genèse 18

      25 Be it far from you to do things like that, to kill the righteous with the wicked, so that the righteous should be like the wicked. May that be far from you. Shouldn't the Judge of all the earth do right?"

      Psaumes 9

      7 But Yahweh reigns forever. He has prepared his throne for judgment.
      8 He will judge the world in righteousness. He will administer judgment to the peoples in uprightness.

      Psaumes 50

      6 The heavens shall declare his righteousness, for God himself is judge. Selah.

      Psaumes 96

      13 before Yahweh; for he comes, for he comes to judge the earth. He will judge the world with righteousness, the peoples with his truth.

      Psaumes 98

      9 Let them sing before Yahweh, for he comes to judge the earth. He will judge the world with righteousness, and the peoples with equity.

      Ecclésiaste 3

      17 I said in my heart, "God will judge the righteous and the wicked; for there is a time there for every purpose and for every work."

      Ecclésiaste 11

      9 Rejoice, young man, in your youth, and let your heart cheer you in the days of your youth, and walk in the ways of your heart, and in the sight of your eyes; but know that for all these things God will bring you into judgment.

      Ecclésiaste 12

      14 For God will bring every work into judgment, with every hidden thing, whether it is good, or whether it is evil.

      Matthieu 16

      27 For the Son of Man will come in the glory of his Father with his angels, and then he will render to everyone according to his deeds.

      Matthieu 25

      31 "But when the Son of Man comes in his glory, and all the holy angels with him, then he will sit on the throne of his glory.
      32 Before him all the nations will be gathered, and he will separate them one from another, as a shepherd separates the sheep from the goats.
      33 He will set the sheep on his right hand, but the goats on the left.
      34 Then the King will tell those on his right hand, 'Come, blessed of my Father, inherit the Kingdom prepared for you from the foundation of the world;
      35 for I was hungry, and you gave me food to eat. I was thirsty, and you gave me drink. I was a stranger, and you took me in.
      36 I was naked, and you clothed me. I was sick, and you visited me. I was in prison, and you came to me.'
      37 "Then the righteous will answer him, saying, 'Lord, when did we see you hungry, and feed you; or thirsty, and give you a drink?
      38 When did we see you as a stranger, and take you in; or naked, and clothe you?
      39 When did we see you sick, or in prison, and come to you?'
      40 "The King will answer them, 'Most certainly I tell you, inasmuch as you did it to one of the least of these my brothers , you did it to me.'
      41 Then he will say also to those on the left hand, 'Depart from me, you cursed, into the eternal fire which is prepared for the devil and his angels;
      42 for I was hungry, and you didn't give me food to eat; I was thirsty, and you gave me no drink;
      43 I was a stranger, and you didn't take me in; naked, and you didn't clothe me; sick, and in prison, and you didn't visit me.'
      44 "Then they will also answer, saying, 'Lord, when did we see you hungry, or thirsty, or a stranger, or naked, or sick, or in prison, and didn't help you?'
      45 "Then he will answer them, saying, 'Most certainly I tell you, inasmuch as you didn't do it to one of the least of these, you didn't do it to me.'
      46 These will go away into eternal punishment, but the righteous into eternal life."

      Luc 8

      17 For nothing is hidden, that will not be revealed; nor anything secret, that will not be known and come to light.

      Jean 5

      22 For the Father judges no one, but he has given all judgment to the Son,
      23 that all may honor the Son, even as they honor the Father. He who doesn't honor the Son doesn't honor the Father who sent him.
      24 "Most certainly I tell you, he who hears my word, and believes him who sent me, has eternal life, and doesn't come into judgment, but has passed out of death into life.
      25 Most certainly, I tell you, the hour comes, and now is, when the dead will hear the Son of God's voice; and those who hear will live.
      26 For as the Father has life in himself, even so he gave to the Son also to have life in himself.
      27 He also gave him authority to execute judgment, because he is a son of man.
      28 Don't marvel at this, for the hour comes, in which all that are in the tombs will hear his voice,
      29 and will come out; those who have done good, to the resurrection of life; and those who have done evil, to the resurrection of judgment.

      Jean 12

      48 He who rejects me, and doesn't receive my sayings, has one who judges him. The word that I spoke, the same will judge him in the last day.

      Actes 10

      42 He commanded us to preach to the people and to testify that this is he who is appointed by God as the Judge of the living and the dead.

      Actes 17

      31 because he has appointed a day in which he will judge the world in righteousness by the man whom he has ordained; of which he has given assurance to all men, in that he has raised him from the dead."

      Romains 2

      5 But according to your hardness and unrepentant heart you are treasuring up for yourself wrath in the day of wrath, revelation, and of the righteous judgment of God;
      16 in the day when God will judge the secrets of men, according to my Good News, by Jesus Christ.

      Romains 3

      6 May it never be! For then how will God judge the world?

      Romains 14

      10 But you, why do you judge your brother? Or you again, why do you despise your brother? For we will all stand before the judgment seat of Christ.
      11 For it is written, "'As I live,' says the Lord, 'to me every knee will bow. Every tongue will confess to God.'"
      12 So then each one of us will give account of himself to God.

      Romains 16

      25

      1 Corinthiens 4

      5 Therefore judge nothing before the time, until the Lord comes, who will both bring to light the hidden things of darkness, and reveal the counsels of the hearts. Then each man will get his praise from God.

      2 Corinthiens 5

      10 For we must all be revealed before the judgment seat of Christ; that each one may receive the things in the body, according to what he has done, whether good or bad.

      Galates 1

      11 But I make known to you, brothers, concerning the Good News which was preached by me, that it is not according to man.

      1 Timothée 1

      11 according to the Good News of the glory of the blessed God, which was committed to my trust.

      2 Timothée 2

      8 Remember Jesus Christ, risen from the dead, of the seed of David, according to my Good News,

      2 Timothée 4

      1 I command you therefore before God and the Lord Jesus Christ, who will judge the living and the dead at his appearing and his Kingdom:
      8 From now on, there is stored up for me the crown of righteousness, which the Lord, the righteous judge, will give to me on that day; and not to me only, but also to all those who have loved his appearing.

      Hébreux 9

      27 Inasmuch as it is appointed for men to die once, and after this, judgment,

      1 Pierre 4

      5 who will give account to him who is ready to judge the living and the dead.

      2 Pierre 2

      9 the Lord knows how to deliver the godly out of temptation and to keep the unrighteous under punishment for the day of judgment;

      Apocalypse 20

      11 I saw a great white throne, and him who sat on it, from whose face the earth and the heaven fled away. There was found no place for them.
      12 I saw the dead, the great and the small, standing before the throne, and they opened books. Another book was opened, which is the book of life. The dead were judged out of the things which were written in the books, according to their works.
      13 The sea gave up the dead who were in it. Death and Hades gave up the dead who were in them. They were judged, each one according to his works.
      14 Death and Hades were thrown into the lake of fire. This is the second death, the lake of fire.
      15 If anyone was not found written in the book of life, he was cast into the lake of fire.

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