DEGRÉS

(hébreu maaloth, grec anabathmoï). Marches d'escalier, dont plusieurs genres sont mentionnés.

1. Degrés de l'autel : l'antique loi du Livre de l'Alliance (E) les interdisait, pour éviter l'inconvenance de l'officiant au costume trop court (Ex 20:26) ; au contraire Ézéchiel (Eze 43:21) les réglemente, et la loi sacerdotale (P) prévient l'inconvénient en prescrivant des caleçons aux prêtres (Ex 28:42).

2. Degrés du trône : ils apparaissent avec celui de Salomon, qui en avait six (1Ro 10:19 parallèle 2Ch 9:18 et suivant).

3. D. d'une maison (peut-être d'une forteresse militaire) : Jéhu est proclamé roi au haut de ces degrés (2Ro 9:13). Il est vrai que l'hébreu est difficile : Reuss conjecture la trad. « estrade », Bbl. Fam. ne conserve pas le mot.

4. D. d'Achaz : voir Cadran d'Achaz.

5. Ézéchiel, dans sa vision idéale du futur Temple sur une montagne, prévoit un certain nombre d'escaliers à sept ou huit degrés, devant divers portiques et vestibules (Eze 40:6,22,26,31,34,37,49)

6. D. de la cité de David : escalier mentionné lors de la reconstruction et de la dédicace des murs de Jérusalem (Ne 3:15 12:37) ; faisait communiquer le S. -O. de la colline, du côté de Siloé et du Jardin du Roi (voir art.), avec la haute ville construite par David sur l'Ophel (voir Jérusalem).

7. D. de la forteresse : l'un des deux escaliers qui descendaient de la tour romaine Antonia aux portiques du parvis du Temple d'Hérode ; c'est du haut de ces degrés que saint Paul, porté par les soldats lors de son arrestation, s'adressa aux Juifs pour tenter de se justifier (Ac 21:35,40).

8. Pour les Psaumes des Degrés (Sg.), expression que Vers. Syn. trad. « Cantiques des Pèlerinages », voir Psaumes. (Ps 120 à Ps 134)

Utilisé avec autorisation de Yves PETRAKIAN

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  Exode 20
  
  26 Neither shall you go up by steps to my altar, that your nakedness may not be exposed to it.'
  
  Exode 28
  
  42 You shall make them linen breeches to cover the flesh of their nakedness; from the waist even to the thighs they shall reach:
  
  2 Chroniques 9
  
  18 And there were six steps to the throne, with a footstool of gold, which were fastened to the throne, and stays on either side by the place of the seat, and two lions standing beside the stays.
  
  Néhémie 3
  
  15 Shallun the son of Colhozeh, the ruler of the district of Mizpah repaired the spring gate. He built it, and covered it, and set up its doors, its bolts, and its bars, and the wall of the pool of Shelah by the king's garden, even to the stairs that go down from the city of David.
  
  Néhémie 12
  
  37 By the spring gate, and straight before them, they went up by the stairs of the city of David, at the ascent of the wall, above the house of David, even to the water gate eastward.
  
  Psaumes 120
  
  1 <> In my distress, I cried to Yahweh. He answered me.
  
  2 Deliver my soul, Yahweh, from lying lips, from a deceitful tongue.
  
  3 What will be given to you, and what will be done more to you, you deceitful tongue?
  
  4 Sharp arrows of the mighty, with coals of juniper.
  
  5 Woe is me, that I live in Meshech, that I dwell among the tents of Kedar!
  
  6 My soul has had her dwelling too long with him who hates peace.
  
  7 I am for peace, but when I speak, they are for war.
  
  Psaumes 134
  
  1 <> Look! Praise Yahweh, all you servants of Yahweh, who stand by night in Yahweh's house!
  
  2 Lift up your hands in the sanctuary. Praise Yahweh!
  
  3 May Yahweh bless you from Zion; even he who made heaven and earth.
  
  Ezéchiel 40
  
  6 Then came he to the gate which looks toward the east, and went up its steps: and he measured the threshold of the gate, one reed broad; and the other threshold, one reed broad.
  
  22 The windows of it, and its arches, and the palm trees of it, were after the measure of the gate whose prospect is toward the east; and they went up to it by seven steps; and its arches were before them.
  
  26 There were seven steps to go up to it, and its arches were before them; and it had palm trees, one on this side, and another on that side, on its posts.
  
  31 The arches of it were toward the outer court; and palm trees were on its posts: and the ascent to it had eight steps.
  
  34 The arches of it were toward the outer court; and palm trees were on its posts, on this side, and on that side: and the ascent to it had eight steps.
  
  37 The posts of it were toward the outer court; and palm trees were on its posts, on this side, and on that side: and the ascent to it had eight steps.
  
  49 The length of the porch was twenty cubits, and the breadth eleven cubits; even by the steps by which they went up to it: and there were pillars by the posts, one on this side, and another on that side.
  
  Ezéchiel 43
  
  21 You shall also take the bull of the sin offering, and it shall be burnt in the appointed place of the house, outside of the sanctuary.
  
  Actes 21
  
  35 When he came to the stairs, it happened that he was carried by the soldiers because of the violence of the crowd;
  
  40 When he had given him permission, Paul, standing on the stairs, beckoned with his hand to the people. When there was a great silence, he spoke to them in the Hebrew language, saying,

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Exode 20

Exode 28

2 Chroniques 9

Néhémie 3

Néhémie 12

Psaumes 120

Psaumes 134

Ezéchiel 40

Ezéchiel 43

Actes 21

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