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HÉRODES (les)

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1. Hérode le Grand (Mt 2:1-23, Lu 1:5, Ac 23:35). Fils d'Antipater et de Cypros ; père d'Archélaüs, d'Hérode Antipas, d'Hérode (Philippe ?), de Philippe, etc. ; grand-père d'Hérode Agrippa I er et d'Hérodias ; arrière-grand-père de Bérénice, de Drusille et d'Agrippa II ; roi de Judée de 37 à 4 avant J. -C.

TABLEAU GÉNÉALOGIQUE SOMMAIRE DE LA FAMILLE D'HÉRODE LE GRAND HÉRODE LE GRAND roi de Judée ; mort 4 av. J. -C. avait épousé : 1. Doris Antipater Mort 4 av. J. -C. 2. Mariamme I Aristobule Mort 7. Hérode Agrippa I° ép. Cypros Mort 44 Hérode Agrippa II Mort 100. Bérénice épouse : 1. Hérode roi de Chalcis. 2. Polémon de Cilicie. Drusille épouse : 1. Azizus. 2. Félix, Hérode roi de Chalcis, Mort 48 Hérodias épouse : 1. Hérode (Philippe ?). 2. Hérode Antipas. Alexandre Mort 7. 3. Mariamme II Hérode (Philippe ?) épouseHérodias, ensuite divorcée. Salomé épouse Philippe. 4. Matthace Archélaus dép, en 6. Hérode Antipas déposé en 39, ép. Hérodias, divorcée d'Hérode (Philippe ?) 5. Cléopâtre Philippe tétrarque, ép. Salomé Mort 34.

2. Hérode Agrippa I er (Marcus Julius Agrippa I) Fils d'Aristobule, lui-même fils d'Hérode le Grand, et de Bérénice. Époux de Cypros, il fut le père de Bérénice, de Drusille et d'Agrippa II ; il mourut en 44 ap. J. -C. Il fut roi d'abord de la tétrarchie de Philippe et de celle de Lysanias (en 37), puis de la Galilée et de la Pérée (40), enfin de la Judée et de la Samarie (41), de sorte que de 41 jusqu'à sa mort (44) il commanda à un territoire analogue à celui sur lequel avait régné son grand-père Hérode le Grand.

3. Hérode Agrippa II (Marcus Julius Agrippa II). Fils d'Hérode Agrippa I er et de Cypros (50-100) ; frère de Bérénice et de Drusille (Ac 25:13 à 26:32) ; d'abord roi de Chalcis, puis de la tétrarchie de Philippe et de celle de Lysanias, enfin du district de Varus. Il reçut encore certains lambeaux de Galilée et de Pérée, ainsi les villes de Tibériade, Tarichée, avec les territoires environnants, et de Bethsaïda-Julias avec quatorze villages. 4. Hérode Antipas (Hérodes Antipas) . Fils d'Hérode le Grand et frère d'Archélaüs, il eut d'abord pour femme la fille du roi des Arabes Arétas, puis Hérodias. (Mr 6:14-29 8:16, Mt 14:1-12, Lu 13:31 23:1-12,15, Ac 4:27 13:1)

5. Archélaüs (Hérodes Archelaus). Fils d'Hérode le Grand et de Malthace, frère d'Hérode Antipas ; ethnarque de Judée, Samarie, Idumée, de 4 av. J. -C, à 6 ap. J. -C (Mt 2:22).

6, 7. Bérénice, Drusille. Voir ces mots.

8. Hérodiade ou Hérodias. Fille d'Aristobule (lui-même fils d'Hérode le Grand) et de Bérénice ; fut l'épouse de deux de ses oncles : d'abord d'Hérode (Philippe ?), ensuite d'Hérode Antipas, qui tous les deux étaient frères de son père, par leur père Hérode le Grand, mais non par leur mère : son père était fils de Mariamme I, l'Hasmonéenne ; son premier mari, de Mariamme II et son second de Malthace (Mr 6:14-29, Mt 14:1-12).

9. Hérode Philippe. Le nom de Philippe paraît lui avoir été donné par erreur. Fils d'Hérode le Grand et de Mariamme II, il fut le premier époux d'Hérodiade (Mr 6:17, Mt 14:3) et le père de Salomé, dont la danse fut l'occasion de la mort de Jean-Baptiste. Cette Salomé devait épouser plus tard son oncle Philippe, demi-frère de son père, mais fils de Cléopâtre.

10. Philippe (Hérodes Philippits). Fils d'Hérode le Grand et de Cléopâtre ; épousa sa nièce Salomé ; régna de 4 av. J. -C, à 34 ap. J. -C, comme tétrarque de la Bata-née, de la Trachonite, de l'Auranitide, de la Gaulanitide et de Panéas, et d'après Lu 3:1 aussi de l'Iturée (Mr 8:27, Mt 16:13).

Voir Palestine au siècle de J. -C. Ern. M.

Utilisé avec autorisation de Yves PETRAKIAN

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      Matthieu 2

      1 Now when Jesus was born in Bethlehem of Judea in the days of King Herod, behold, wise men from the east came to Jerusalem, saying,
      2 "Where is he who is born King of the Jews? For we saw his star in the east, and have come to worship him."
      3 When King Herod heard it, he was troubled, and all Jerusalem with him.
      4 Gathering together all the chief priests and scribes of the people, he asked them where the Christ would be born.
      5 They said to him, "In Bethlehem of Judea, for this is written through the prophet,
      6 'You Bethlehem, land of Judah, are in no way least among the princes of Judah: for out of you shall come forth a governor, who shall shepherd my people, Israel.'"
      7 Then Herod secretly called the wise men, and learned from them exactly what time the star appeared.
      8 He sent them to Bethlehem, and said, "Go and search diligently for the young child. When you have found him, bring me word, so that I also may come and worship him."
      9 They, having heard the king, went their way; and behold, the star, which they saw in the east, went before them, until it came and stood over where the young child was.
      10 When they saw the star, they rejoiced with exceedingly great joy.
      11 They came into the house and saw the young child with Mary, his mother, and they fell down and worshiped him. Opening their treasures, they offered to him gifts: gold, frankincense, and myrrh.
      12 Being warned in a dream that they shouldn't return to Herod, they went back to their own country another way.
      13 Now when they had departed, behold, an angel of the Lord appeared to Joseph in a dream, saying, "Arise and take the young child and his mother, and flee into Egypt, and stay there until I tell you, for Herod will seek the young child to destroy him."
      14 He arose and took the young child and his mother by night, and departed into Egypt,
      15 and was there until the death of Herod; that it might be fulfilled which was spoken by the Lord through the prophet, saying, "Out of Egypt I called my son."
      16 Then Herod, when he saw that he was mocked by the wise men, was exceedingly angry, and sent out, and killed all the male children who were in Bethlehem and in all the surrounding countryside, from two years old and under, according to the exact time which he had learned from the wise men.
      17 Then that which was spoken by Jeremiah the prophet was fulfilled, saying,
      18 "A voice was heard in Ramah, lamentation, weeping and great mourning, Rachel weeping for her children; she wouldn't be comforted, because they are no more."
      19 But when Herod was dead, behold, an angel of the Lord appeared in a dream to Joseph in Egypt, saying,
      20 "Arise and take the young child and his mother, and go into the land of Israel, for those who sought the young child's life are dead."
      21 He arose and took the young child and his mother, and came into the land of Israel.
      22 But when he heard that Archelaus was reigning over Judea in the place of his father, Herod, he was afraid to go there. Being warned in a dream, he withdrew into the region of Galilee,
      23 and came and lived in a city called Nazareth; that it might be fulfilled which was spoken through the prophets: "He will be called a Nazarene."

      Matthieu 14

      1 At that time, Herod the tetrarch heard the report concerning Jesus,
      2 and said to his servants, "This is John the Baptizer. He is risen from the dead. That is why these powers work in him."
      3 For Herod had laid hold of John, and bound him, and put him in prison for the sake of Herodias, his brother Philip's wife.
      4 For John said to him, "It is not lawful for you to have her."
      5 When he would have put him to death, he feared the multitude, because they counted him as a prophet.
      6 But when Herod's birthday came, the daughter of Herodias danced among them and pleased Herod.
      7 Whereupon he promised with an oath to give her whatever she should ask.
      8 She, being prompted by her mother, said, "Give me here on a platter the head of John the Baptizer."
      9 The king was grieved, but for the sake of his oaths, and of those who sat at the table with him, he commanded it to be given,
      10 and he sent and beheaded John in the prison.
      11 His head was brought on a platter, and given to the young lady: and she brought it to her mother.
      12 His disciples came, and took the body, and buried it; and they went and told Jesus.

      Matthieu 16

      13 Now when Jesus came into the parts of Caesarea Philippi, he asked his disciples, saying, "Who do men say that I, the Son of Man, am?"

      Marc 6

      14 King Herod heard this, for his name had become known, and he said, "John the Baptizer has risen from the dead, and therefore these powers are at work in him."
      15 But others said, "He is Elijah." Others said, "He is a prophet, or like one of the prophets."
      16 But Herod, when he heard this, said, "This is John, whom I beheaded. He has risen from the dead."
      17 For Herod himself had sent out and arrested John, and bound him in prison for the sake of Herodias, his brother Philip's wife, for he had married her.
      18 For John said to Herod, "It is not lawful for you to have your brother's wife."
      19 Herodias set herself against him, and desired to kill him, but she couldn't,
      20 for Herod feared John, knowing that he was a righteous and holy man, and kept him safe. When he heard him, he did many things, and he heard him gladly.
      21 Then a convenient day came, that Herod on his birthday made a supper for his nobles, the high officers, and the chief men of Galilee.
      22 When the daughter of Herodias herself came in and danced, she pleased Herod and those sitting with him. The king said to the young lady, "Ask me whatever you want, and I will give it to you."
      23 He swore to her, "Whatever you shall ask of me, I will give you, up to half of my kingdom."
      24 She went out, and said to her mother, "What shall I ask?" She said, "The head of John the Baptizer."
      25 She came in immediately with haste to the king, and asked, "I want you to give me right now the head of John the Baptizer on a platter."
      26 The king was exceedingly sorry, but for the sake of his oaths, and of his dinner guests, he didn't wish to refuse her.
      27 Immediately the king sent out a soldier of his guard, and commanded to bring John's head, and he went and beheaded him in the prison,
      28 and brought his head on a platter, and gave it to the young lady; and the young lady gave it to her mother.
      29 When his disciples heard this, they came and took up his corpse, and laid it in a tomb.

      Marc 8

      16 They reasoned with one another, saying, "It's because we have no bread."
      27 Jesus went out, with his disciples, into the villages of Caesarea Philippi. On the way he asked his disciples, "Who do men say that I am?"

      Luc 1

      5 There was in the days of Herod, the king of Judea, a certain priest named Zacharias, of the priestly division of Abijah. He had a wife of the daughters of Aaron, and her name was Elizabeth.

      Luc 3

      1 Now in the fifteenth year of the reign of Tiberius Caesar, Pontius Pilate being governor of Judea, and Herod being tetrarch of Galilee, and his brother Philip tetrarch of the region of Ituraea and Trachonitis, and Lysanias tetrarch of Abilene,

      Luc 13

      31 On that same day, some Pharisees came, saying to him, "Get out of here, and go away, for Herod wants to kill you."

      Luc 23

      1 The whole company of them rose up and brought him before Pilate.
      15 Neither has Herod, for I sent you to him, and see, nothing worthy of death has been done by him.

      Actes 4

      27 "For truly, in this city against your holy servant, Jesus, whom you anointed, both Herod and Pontius Pilate, with the Gentiles and the people of Israel, were gathered together

      Actes 13

      1 Now in the assembly that was at Antioch there were some prophets and teachers: Barnabas, Simeon who was called Niger, Lucius of Cyrene, Manaen the foster brother of Herod the tetrarch, and Saul.

      Actes 23

      35 "I will hear you fully when your accusers also arrive." He commanded that he be kept in Herod's palace.

      Actes 25

      13 Now when some days had passed, King Agrippa and Bernice arrived at Caesarea, and greeted Festus.
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