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Merci à Bibles et Publications Chrétiennes pour la conception du processus d’affichage DYS.

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PROMESSE

La langue hébraïque, faute de mot spécial pour désigner une promesse, emploie des termes généraux (dâbar, etc.) signifiant : parler, dire, parole, etc. Mais le grec du N.T. possède les termes classiques : epaggelia et mots apparentés.

Le cas ordinaire, de promesse faite par un homme à son prochain, apparaît ici et là (Ne 5:12, Est 4:7, 2Ma 4:27, Sir 20:23, Mt 14:7, Mr 14:11,2Pi 2:19). La promesse de l'homme à Dieu est une prière d'engagement (De 23:23, Ps 119:106 etc.) qui peut se confondre avec un serment ou un voeu (voir ces mots). Mais la notion biblique de promesse est surtout celle d'une assurance donnée par Dieu à l'homme, notamment la garantie qui comporte toutes les bénédictions du royaume du Messie (Ac 2:39 7:17 etc.). D'où l'expression : « hériter la promesse », déjà employée par les Ps de Salomon (13:8), à propos de la rédemption messianique, avant de l'être dans le N. T (Ga 3:29, Heb 6:12 11:9). Le sens de cette autre expression : « la promesse du Père », est plus limité : elle se rapporte au don du Saint-Esprit (Lu 24:48, Ac 1:4, Ga 3:14, Eph 1:13), comme Pierre le démontre le jour de la Pentecôte (Ac 2:14,33,39).

Les promesses de Dieu sont souvent mentionnées dans l'épître aux Hébreux : si Abraham possède les promesses (Heb 7:6), si pour lui la naissance d'Isaac présage l'accomplissement d'une promesse divine (Heb 6:15), il est pourtant de ces croyants de l'ancienne alliance qui n'ont pas reçu pleinement les grâces promises (Heb 11 13,39), leur accomplissement définitif ne pouvant se réaliser qu'en Jésus-Christ (telles, les promesses de Heb 4:1 8:6 9:15 10:23-36, etc.). Avant l'auteur anonyme de cette épître, son maître l'apôtre Paul avait aussi montré en Christ l'accomplissement des promesses de Dieu (Ac 13:23,32, Ro 9:8, Ga 4:28, Eph 3:6) et fortement précisé la notion de « la promesse ». Devant Agrippa, il la définit comme la préoccupation centrale de la pensée religieuse juive (Ac 26:6 et suivant). Dieu a donné l'assurance qu'il visiterait son peuple en la personne du Messie ; cette promesse se réalisa en Jésus de Nazareth.

Pour l'apôtre, promesse et Évangile sont deux termes équivalents : ce qui était promesse avant la venue du Christ est devenu Évangile une fois accomplie la mission du Sauveur ; inversement, ce qui est Évangile depuis la résurrection était promesse dans l'A. T, (Il faut remarquer qu'en grec, l'Évangile et la promesse, euaggelion et epaggelia, sont deux termes de même famille, et des plus proches). Ainsi, pour Paul, la promesse est le point de départ de l'oeuvre du salut ; dans l'A.T., les hommes sont sauvés non par la loi, mais par la foi en la promesse. Celle-ci a été faite à Abraham avant la promulgation de la loi, et son accomplissement ne dépend pas de l'observance de la loi (Ga 3:15,29, Ro 4:13,16). Les Israélites étaient les enfants de la promesse (Ro 9:4,8, cf. Sag 12:21) ; mais grâce à Jésus-Christ les païens peuvent aussi bien y participer (Eph 2:12 3:6).

Les promesses de Dieu sont nombreuses (2Co 1:20) ; elles sont vastes et précieuses (2Pi 1:4). Elles doivent encourager les fidèles à tendre vers la sainteté (2Co 7:1) et à persévérer dans la confiance (Heb 10:35 et suivant), car à « ceux qui l'aiment » Dieu a promis « la couronne de vie » (Jas 1:12). La promesse non réalisée encore de son retour (2Pi 3:4,9), des nouveaux cieux et de la nouvelle terre (2Pi 3:13), doit aussi nous faire avancer dans la sanctification (2Pi 3:14) en nous maintenant dans la vigilance (2Pi 3:17).

Car sa promesse, c'est la vie éternelle (1Jn 2:25, cf. 1Ti 4:8,2Ti 1:1, Tit 1:2, Jas 2:5, etc.).

La promesse de Dieu fait partie intégrante de l'alliance conclue entre Lui et son peuple ; c'est Son affirmation de la part qu'il prendra dans l'alliance. L'homme doit, dans un » amen » sans réserve, se l'approprier par la foi et travailler à son accomplissement. Le développement de ce sujet aboutit à la vue d'ensemble de la prophétie dans l'A. T, (voir l'art, suivant).

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      12 Then they said, "We will restore them, and will require nothing of them; so will we do, even as you say." Then I called the priests, and took an oath of them, that they would do according to this promise.

      Esther 4

      7 Mordecai told him of all that had happened to him, and the exact sum of the money that Haman had promised to pay to the king's treasuries for the destruction of the Jews.

      Psaumes 119

      106 I have sworn, and have confirmed it, that I will obey your righteous ordinances.

      Matthieu 14

      7 Whereupon he promised with an oath to give her whatever she should ask.

      Marc 14

      11 They, when they heard it, were glad, and promised to give him money. He sought how he might conveniently deliver him.

      Luc 24

      48 You are witnesses of these things.

      Jean 2

      25 and because he didn't need for anyone to testify concerning man; for he himself knew what was in man.

      Actes 1

      4 Being assembled together with them, he commanded them, "Don't depart from Jerusalem, but wait for the promise of the Father, which you heard from me.

      Actes 2

      14 But Peter, standing up with the eleven, lifted up his voice, and spoke out to them, "You men of Judea, and all you who dwell at Jerusalem, let this be known to you, and listen to my words.
      33 Being therefore exalted by the right hand of God, and having received from the Father the promise of the Holy Spirit, he has poured out this, which you now see and hear.
      39 For the promise is to you, and to your children, and to all who are far off, even as many as the Lord our God will call to himself."

      Actes 7

      17 "But as the time of the promise came close which God had sworn to Abraham, the people grew and multiplied in Egypt,

      Actes 13

      23 From this man's seed, God has brought salvation to Israel according to his promise,
      32 We bring you good news of the promise made to the fathers,

      Actes 26

      6 Now I stand here to be judged for the hope of the promise made by God to our fathers,

      Romains 4

      13 For the promise to Abraham and to his seed that he should be heir of the world wasn't through the law, but through the righteousness of faith.
      16 For this cause it is of faith, that it may be according to grace, to the end that the promise may be sure to all the seed, not to that only which is of the law, but to that also which is of the faith of Abraham, who is the father of us all.

      Romains 9

      4 who are Israelites; whose is the adoption, the glory, the covenants, the giving of the law, the service, and the promises;
      8 That is, it is not the children of the flesh who are children of God, but the children of the promise are counted as a seed.

      2 Corinthiens 1

      20 For however many are the promises of God, in him is the "Yes." Therefore also through him is the "Amen," to the glory of God through us.

      2 Corinthiens 7

      1 Having therefore these promises, beloved, let us cleanse ourselves from all defilement of flesh and spirit, perfecting holiness in the fear of God.

      Galates 3

      14 that the blessing of Abraham might come on the Gentiles through Christ Jesus; that we might receive the promise of the Spirit through faith.
      15 Brothers, speaking of human terms, though it is only a man's covenant, yet when it has been confirmed, no one makes it void, or adds to it.
      29 If you are Christ's, then you are Abraham's seed and heirs according to promise.

      Galates 4

      28 Now we, brothers, as Isaac was, are children of promise.

      Ephésiens 1

      13 in whom you also, having heard the word of the truth, the Good News of your salvation--in whom, having also believed, you were sealed with the Holy Spirit of promise,

      Ephésiens 2

      12 that you were at that time separate from Christ, alienated from the commonwealth of Israel, and strangers from the covenants of the promise, having no hope and without God in the world.

      Ephésiens 3

      6 that the Gentiles are fellow heirs, and fellow members of the body, and fellow partakers of his promise in Christ Jesus through the Good News,

      1 Timothée 4

      8 For bodily exercise has some value, but godliness has value in all things, having the promise of the life which is now, and of that which is to come.

      2 Timothée 1

      1 Paul, an apostle of Jesus Christ through the will of God, according to the promise of the life which is in Christ Jesus,

      Tite 1

      2 in hope of eternal life, which God, who can't lie, promised before time began;

      Hébreux 4

      1 Let us fear therefore, lest perhaps anyone of you should seem to have come short of a promise of entering into his rest.

      Hébreux 6

      12 that you won't be sluggish, but imitators of those who through faith and patience inherited the promises.
      15 Thus, having patiently endured, he obtained the promise.

      Hébreux 7

      6 but he whose genealogy is not counted from them has accepted tithes from Abraham, and has blessed him who has the promises.

      Hébreux 8

      6 But now he has obtained a more excellent ministry, by so much as he is also the mediator of a better covenant, which on better promises has been given as law.

      Hébreux 9

      15 For this reason he is the mediator of a new covenant, since a death has occurred for the redemption of the transgressions that were under the first covenant, that those who have been called may receive the promise of the eternal inheritance.

      Hébreux 10

      23 let us hold fast the confession of our hope without wavering; for he who promised is faithful.
      35 Therefore don't throw away your boldness, which has a great reward.

      Hébreux 11

      9 By faith, he lived as an alien in the land of promise, as in a land not his own, dwelling in tents, with Isaac and Jacob, the heirs with him of the same promise.
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      5 Listen, my beloved brothers. Didn't God choose those who are poor in this world to be rich in faith, and heirs of the Kingdom which he promised to those who love him?

      2 Pierre 1

      4 by which he has granted to us his precious and exceedingly great promises; that through these you may become partakers of the divine nature, having escaped from the corruption that is in the world by lust.

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      19 promising them liberty, while they themselves are bondservants of corruption; for a man is brought into bondage by whoever overcomes him.

      2 Pierre 3

      4 and saying, "Where is the promise of his coming? For, from the day that the fathers fell asleep, all things continue as they were from the beginning of the creation."
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      17 You therefore, beloved, knowing these things beforehand, beware, lest being carried away with the error of the wicked, you fall from your own steadfastness.

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